Understanding Frenchie DNA and Colors
These are the most popular colors and their DNA codes. Pricing is based on DNA as well as supply and demand, so if you really love one of these exotic colors please buy it from a pro breeder only, someone who has a reputation to uphold.
Fluffy
Gaining popularity online, the Lh/Lh (long hair) gene gives a furby like appearance. In some cases, though it can look rather scruffy. It takes 2 long hair copies to make a visual fluffy Frenchie. Sh/Sh (short hair) being common meaning a cheaper asking price. One long hair copy and one short hair copy makes the pup a fluffy carrier. Fluffy dog to a carrier in theory half of the litter would be full fluffy and half would be carriers. Carrier to carrier breeding would in theory have 25 percent full fluffy, 25 percent no fluffy and 50 percent fluffy carriers. Breeders will charge more if a pup is carrying the fluffy gene Sh/Lh, but unless you’re a breeder it is of no benefit.
Blue
Dilution of black so a grey, gives us what the internet calls a blue dd. Dd would be a blue carrier. The exact shades of blue and slang terms for blue differ between bulldog types. Just understand there is no smurf colored bulldogs running around yet.
Lilacs
There are multiple shades of lilac and this is a constant source of confusion. A normally priced lilac should test coco/dd It is very important to either DNA test the pup yourself or wait till the colors develop better at around 8 weeks. Don’t just take somebody’s word for it. It must carry both blue (dd) and cocoa (more below). We can easily test for cocoa by filming it in the dark, the eyes will glow red at +8 weeks old.
Isabella
A lilac dog but with testable chocolate dd/bb instead of cocoa, some folk call them “lilac Isabella”
New Shade Isabella
A new shade Isabella must carry 2 blue genes or dd, 2 chocoalate genes bb, and 2 cocoa genes coco. A true new shade will be dd bb coco.
Merle
The M locus found in DNA yields unusual color patterns and blue eyes. It is critically important to never mate 2 Merle carrying dogs together as it will create a 25% chance of serious defects such as deafness in a litter. It is OK to have one parent Merle. In short avoid litters where both parents are clearly Merle.
Tan Points
Gene at/at is full tri-colour and a dog that carries it is ay/at The points of brown are found around the belly, inner thighs, legs, chest, cheeks & eyebrows. The term “Clear tan points” means there is no white breaking up the tan. This adds to the price of the dog but a cleverly taken photo such as hand holding up the pup can hide the white.
Platinum
If you add cream to a Lilac you’ll get an all cream dog ee/coco/dd adding cream to a lilac Isabelle ee/bb/dd is also platinum. To avoid being sold a white dog for +$10,000 try the red eye glow test for cocoa, just film it in the dark and see if you get red eyes. If you do get red eyes then go for DNA testing.
Chocolate
Testable b/b and non-testable B/B means is that your dog may be chocolate. To verify authenticity of the chocolate. Chocolate has always been testable but some scammers to call cocoa chocolate as it used to not be testable. Everything has a test possible now and being able to read DNA correctly is important.
New Shade Chocolate
With the arrival of testing for cocoa, comes this newly marketed term “new shade chocolate” the DNA code should show bb/coco
Cocoa
Can be tested by seeing a red eye glow. A recent discovery, breeders now prefer to breed with this gene so they can prove their pups DNA. The slight difference in color has since led to newer shades for breeders to get into.
Fully Suited
A debatable point, around 15% or less white on the body is considered fully suited. Less white = higher price 2 parents with very little white should result in a nice litter of fully suited pups.
Legend for DNA Coat Colors (Beginner Breakdown)
Color Combinations | |
Lilac or Isabella | Blue & Chocolate–dd & bb (blue with testable chocolate on the B Locus is Isabella) OR dd & coco (blue with testable coco is Lilac) |
Platinum (Isabella Platinum or Lilac Platinum) | Blue, Cocoa, & Cream (shows as cream coat)—dd, bb, & ee OR dd, coco, & ee |
Blue & Tan | Blue with Tan Points—dd & at/a OR dd & at/at |
Quad Carrier | Has the ability to produce 4 colors in puppies, depending on the other parent’s DNA profile (has recessive genes or carries recessive genes for 4 colors) |
Tri Carrier | Has the ability to produce 3 colors in puppies, depending on the other parent’s DNA profile (has recessive genes or carries recessive genes for 3 colors) |
Frenchie DNA Chart
DNA Allele Chart | Gene1 | Gene2 | Coloring | Exclusion | Carrier/Cover |
E Locus | Em | Em | Masked | ||
Em | E | Masked | |||
Em | e | Masked | carries cream | ||
E | E | Not Masked | |||
E | e | Not Masked | carries cream | ||
e | e | Solid Cream | (hides K Locus/A Locus coloring) | ||
K Locus | Kbr | Kbr | Brindle | (unless ee, then cream) | |
Kbr | Ky | Brindle | (unless ee, then cream) | carries non-brindle | |
Ky | Ky | Fawn | (unless ee, then cream) | ||
A Locus | Ay | Ay | Fawn | (unless ee, then cream) | |
Ay | Aw | Fawn/Sable | (unless ee, then cream) | ||
Ay | At | Fawn/Sable | (unless ee, then cream) | carries tan points | |
Ay | a | Fawn/Sable | (unless ee, then cream) | carries recessive black | |
Aw | Aw | Wild Sable/Agouti | (unless ee, then cream) | ||
Aw | At | Wild Sable/Agouti | (unless ee, then cream) | carries tan points | |
Aw | a | Wild Sable/Agouti | (unless ee, then cream) | carries recessive black | |
At | At | Tan Points/Black and Tan | (unless ee, then cream) | covers brindle gene | |
At | a | Tan Points/Black and Tan | (unless ee, then cream) | carries recessive black | |
a | a | Solid Black | (unless ee, then cream) | covers brindle gene | |
B Locus | B | B | Not Chocolate | *some Frenchies are considered “non-testable chocolate” with “red-eye glow” | |
B | b | Not Chocolate | carries chocolate | ||
b | b | Chocolate | |||
D Locus | D | D | Not Blue | ||
D | d | Not Blue | carries blue | ||
d | d | Blue | |||
S Locus | S | S | Not Pied | ||
S | s | Not Pied | carries pied | ||
s | s | Pied | |||
M Locus | M | m | Merle | carries Merle | |
M | M | Merle | |||
m | m | Not Merle | |||
coco | Co | Co | Not chocolate | ||
(testable chocolate) | Co | co | Not chocolate | Carries chocolate | |
co | co | Chocolate |